Will businesses that exceed their quotas be punished?

16/07/2024

Hạn Ngạch Phát Thải (KNK) là lượng KNK của quốc gia, tổ chức, cá nhân được phép phát thải trong một khoảng thời gian xác định, được tính theo tấn khí carbon dioxide (CO2) hoặc tấn khí carbon dioxide (CO2) tương đương.

Stellar Tech – So what is an emissions quota? On what basis does the government determine emission quotas? Understanding them will help businesses apply them more effectively in their emission reduction strategies.

In the context of increasingly serious climate change, reducing greenhouse gas emissions is an important goal for every country. Vietnam is no exception, having made strong commitments at the 26th Conference of the Parties (COP26)  to reduce emissions and achieve net zero emissions by 2050.

To achieve this goal, Vietnam has shown its determination through:

– Promulgate the Law on Environmental Protection 2020 on reducing greenhouse gas emissions in Article 91, protecting the ozone layer in Article 92, organizing and developing the carbon market in Article 139;
– Issued Decree No. 06/2022/ND-CP dated January 7, 2022 of the Government regulating the mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions and protection of the ozone layer;
– Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) updated for the second time to the Secretariat of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) on November 8, 2022.

One of the important things that businesses need to pay attention to is emission quotas.

Emissions Limits

Emission Quotas (GHGs) are the amount of GHGs a country, organization or individual is allowed to emit in a specified period of time, calculated in tons of carbon dioxide (CO2) or tons of carbon dioxide (CO2) equivalent. Duong.

Quotas are allocated by the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment and can be traded on the market

Where do emissions quotas come from?

The concept of emissions quotas comes from the Kyoto Protocol, which was adopted in 1997 and came into force in 2005. It was the first building block for global efforts to control greenhouse gas emissions , especially from developed countries included in Annex I of the Protocol​.

The Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment bases the determination of emission quotas on the national strategy, greenhouse gas inventory results in the most recent inventory period and the emission mitigation roadmap, ensuring compatibility with conditions. reality and international commitments of each country.

Through the goals and roadmap to reduce GHG emissions and the GHG inventory results in the most recent inventory period of facilities, the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment submits to the Prime Minister to promulgate a total greenhouse gas emission quota. .

Based on the total GHG emission quota, the results of the greenhouse gas inventory in the most recent inventory period and the implementation of greenhouse gas emission mitigation at the grassroots level, the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment shall preside and coordinate with relevant field management ministries to develop and promulgate greenhouse gas emission norms per product unit for types of production and business establishments, and organize the allocation of greenhouse gas emission quotas for establishments in the period 2026 – 2030 and annually.

Tổng hạn ngạch phát thải khí nhà kính và định mức phát thải trên đơn vị sản phẩm xuất phát từ đâu? Làm thế nào để Chính phủ có thể xác định được?

Emissions Quota Management

Enterprises and production facilities are only allowed to emit GHG emissions within the allocated quota.There are 3 cases where businesses emit greenhouse gases compared to their quotas:

Case 1: The actual emissions of the enterprise are in accordance with the allocated quota;
Case 2: The enterprise invests in production technology so that the actual emissions are lower than the allocated quota. In this case, the enterprise can:

+ Selling quotas on the carbon market;

+ Transfer to the next years within the commitment period;

+ The allocated greenhouse gas emission quotas will automatically be recovered by the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment when facilities stop operating, dissolve or go bankrupt.

Case 3: A business’s actual emissions are higher than the allocated quota, in this case the business can:

+ Buy quota from the carbon credit exchange;

+ Borrowing GHG emission quotas allocated for the next year;

+ Use the amount of GHG emissions quota transferred from the previous year (if any);

+ If at the end of the commitment period, emissions still exceed the quota, the facility must pay for the excess GHG emissions and the excess GHG emissions will be deducted from the quota allocated for the commitment period. Later.

It is worth noting that emission quotas are different from carbon credits. Carbon credits are a type of certificate that represents the reduction of one ton of GHG emissions – 1 ton of CO2eq. So that businesses can better understand carbon credits, Stellar Tech will introduce this topic in the following article.

It can be seen that emission quotas are not only a tool to manage greenhouse gas emissions but also promote innovation in the fields of clean technology and renewable energy. The introduction of emissions quotas and Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) creates a global platform for climate change efforts, encouraging countries to continuously improve and increase their commitment commitment, ensuring a more sustainable future.

Reputable and fast environmental records consulting unit in the Mekong Delta

Stellar Tech as a unit specializes in providing consulting services and technology solutions in the field of environment. We are committed to accompanying your Business in properly implementing regulations related to “Inventory and mitigation of Greenhouse Gas emissions”, through consulting and supporting legal information. If your Business needs more detailed information related to implementing a Greenhouse Gas Inventory, please contact Stellar Tech for direct advice and support.

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